Understanding Gum Disease

Gum disease is an infection of the tissues that hold your teeth in place, primarily caused by poor oral hygiene leading to plaque buildup. When plaque hardens into tartar, it can cause the gums to become inflamed, leading to gingivitis (early gum disease) and potentially progressing to periodontitis (severe gum disease). Periodontitis can result in deep pockets forming between the teeth and gums, allowing bacteria to accumulate and cause further damage.

What is Flap Treatment?

Flap treatment is a surgical procedure performed by periodontists (gum specialists) to treat advanced gum disease. The primary goal of this treatment is to reduce the depth of the gum pockets, making them easier to clean and less prone to harboring harmful bacteria.

The Procedure: Step-by-Step

1. Preparation and Anesthesia:

   • The procedure begins with the administration of local anesthesia to numb the affected area, ensuring patient comfort throughout the surgery.

2. Creating the Flap:

   • The periodontist makes small incisions in the gum to create a flap. This flap is gently lifted away from the teeth, exposing the roots and underlying bone.

3. Cleaning and Scaling:

   • Once the roots and bone are exposed, the dentist performs a deep cleaning procedure known as scaling and root planing. This involves removing tartar, plaque, and bacterial toxins from the root surfaces.

4. Bone Reshaping (if necessary):

   • In some cases, the underlying bone may be irregularly shaped due to the progression of the disease. The periodontist may smooth the bone to eliminate any craters that can harbor bacteria.

5. Repositioning the Gum Tissue:

   • After the cleaning and reshaping are completed, the gum tissue is repositioned snugly around the teeth. The periodontist then stitches the gums back in place to promote healing and reduce the depth of the pockets.

6. Post-Surgical Care:

   • A protective dressing or bandage may be applied to the surgical site to aid in healing. Patients will receive detailed post-operative instructions to ensure a smooth recovery.

Benefits of Flap Treatment

• Effective Deep Cleaning: Flap treatment allows for thorough cleaning of the tooth roots and removal of bacterial deposits that cannot be reached with regular brushing and flossing.
• Pocket Reduction: By reducing the depth of gum pockets, the procedure makes it easier to maintain oral hygiene and reduces the risk of future infections.
• Bone and Tissue Preservation: Flap treatment helps in preserving the bone and gum tissue, preventing further damage and tooth loss.
• Enhanced Oral Health: Patients who undergo flap treatment often experience significant improvements in gum health, leading to fresher breath, less bleeding, and overall better oral health.