What is an Impacted Tooth?

An impacted tooth occurs when a tooth is blocked from fully erupting through the gums. This can happen due to a lack of space in the jaw, the angle of the tooth, or obstructions from other teeth. The most frequently impacted teeth are wisdom teeth, which usually emerge in late adolescence or early adulthood. However, other teeth, such as canines, can also become impacted.

Why is Impacted Tooth Extraction Necessary?

Impacted teeth can lead to various dental issues if not addressed. Some reasons for extracting an impacted tooth include:

1. Pain and Discomfort: Impacted teeth can cause significant discomfort or pain, often resulting from pressure on adjacent teeth or gum inflammation.

2. Infection: The partial eruption of an impacted tooth can create an opening for bacteria, leading to infection. This can result in swelling, pain, and difficulty in opening the mouth.

3. Cyst Formation: Sometimes, a sac filled with fluid can form around the impacted tooth, potentially leading to bone and tissue damage if not treated.

4. Damage to Adjacent Teeth: Impacted teeth can push against nearby teeth, causing them to shift or become damaged.

5. Gum Disease: The area around an impacted tooth can become difficult to clean, increasing the risk of gum disease and tooth decay.

The Impacted Tooth Extraction Procedure

The extraction process varies depending on the tooth’s position, the severity of impaction, and other factors. Generally, the procedure involves the following steps:

1. Consultation and Imaging: Before extraction, a dental professional will assess the situation using X-rays or other imaging techniques to determine the exact position of the impacted tooth and plan the procedure.

2. Anesthesia: The procedure typically begins with administering anesthesia to numb the area. Depending on the complexity of the extraction and the patient’s anxiety level, local, sedation, or general anesthesia may be used.

3. Incision and Removal: If the tooth is entirely below the gum line, an incision is made in the gum tissue to expose the tooth. The tooth may be extracted in pieces, particularly if it is large or tightly anchored.

4. Stitches: Once the tooth is removed, stitches may be used to close the incision site and promote healing. Sometimes, dissolvable stitches are used, eliminating the need for removal.

5. Post-Procedure Care: After the extraction, the dentist provides instructions on caring for the extraction site to ensure proper healing and avoid complications.